Restrictive relative clauses are also called defining relative clauses. Relative clauses practice adjective clauses exercise adverbial clauses exercise relative pronouns exercise 1. Dec 03, 2015 defining and nondefining clauses are both types of relative clauses clauses that share some extra information about something. Dec 19, 2009 practice on the defining and non defining relative clauses. If the non defining relative clause were removed from the sentence, the sentence would still be grammatically correct and the meaning would not have changed, although we would have less detail. Nondefining relative clauses defining relative clauses these describe the preceding noun in such a way to distinguish it from other nouns of the same class. It tells us more about someone or something, but do not define it. We understand the subject, we know which lond slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Should we use a defining relative clause or a nondefining relative clause. The relative clause is closed off by commas and is quite similar to information in brackets. The italicized words are effectively an aside and could be deleted. The relative pronoun can be the subject or the object of the relative clause. These are nondefining relative clauses or nonrestrictive relative clauses. In non defining relative clauses, you cannot replace other pronouns with that.
The information is essential in order to understand what or who is being referred to. Defining relative clauses exercise 3 make one sentence by changing the sentence in italics into a defining relative clause. It isnt essential for understanding who or what we are talking about. Defining and nondefinining relative clauses exercises pdf. Mr brown, whom we studied english with, is a very nice teacher. Whats the difference between defining and nondefining. To understand the distinctions between that and which it is necessary to understand defining restrictive and nondefining nonrestrictive clauses learning these distinctions is one technical aspect of grammar that every user of english should understand, because it is at the root of an assortment of grammatical errors.
The restrictive clause usually comes after the noun, and it cannot be. A defining relative clause gives essential information about the noun or noun phrase it modifies, without which the sentence wouldnt make sense as the listener or reader would not be able to identify the noun in the sentence the hotel that we stayed in wasnt bad. The moon, which goes around earth, is covered in rocks. Relative clauses nondefining relative clauses grammar. If you remove a non defining relative clause, the sentence still has the same meaning. Combining sentences with which, who, in which, of which, whose, whom. But merely add something to it by giving some more information about it. This is a 2page worksheet for teaching defining and non defining relative clauses.
Non defining clauses non restrictive clauses a non defining non restrictive clause is one that can be regarded as parenthetical. A defining relative clause also called identifying relative clauses or restrictive relative clauses gives essential information about the noun or noun phrase it modifies, the purpose of a defining relative clause is to clearly define who or what we are talking about. Relative clauses in english exercises advanced level esl. May 02, 20 restrictive relative clauses are also called defining relative clauses. We can use that in defining relative clauses we can use that instead of. Dublin, is the capital of ireland, is my favourite city. Nondefining relative clauses are placed after nouns which are definite already. Defining vs non defining relative clauses in a defining relative clause the information is essential to identify who or what we are talking about, whereas in non defining relative clauses we just add extra the information, which is not necessary.
However, sometimes a relative clause is so important that the main sentence will be difficult to understand or have no meaning without it. Non defining relative clauses are not used in spoken english. Diagonal 26, 1r 1a 0006 arcelona edifici indsor, entre ia augusta i rambla catalunya seu 1 via ugusta 6 s. Combine the sentences using nondefining relative pronouns. The sentence in italics should become the relative clause. Practice on the defining and nondefining relative clauses. Nondefining relative pronouns exercise three things about nondefining relative clauses. Defining relative clause we use defining relative clause to define which person or thing the speaker is referring to. Let us imagine two very different planets in the solar system. Exercises with answers and grammar rules with examples.
This is a 2page worksheet for teaching defining and nondefining relative clauses. A relative pronoun can be used to introduce to two types of clauses called restrictive and non restrictive relative clauses restrictive defining relative clause. Defining and nondefining relative clauses worksheet. A non defining relative clause gives extra information about a noun or noun phrase and has commas at both ends. Differences defining and nondefining relative clauses. Prepositions in relative clauses when there is a preposition in a defining relative clause this can go before the relative pronoun or at the end of the clause. Free definingnondefining relative clauses worksheets. They are seperated by commas in writing, and by a pause on either side. Bbc learning english quiznet nondefining relative clauses. My sister who is 25 years old spent her holiday in france.
Study the situations and then decide whether the following relative clauses are defining or nondefining. London, which is the capital of england, is one of the largest cities in the world. Exercise 2 nondefining relative clauses solutions oxford. A nondefining relative clause also called nonidentifying relative clauses or nonrestrictive relative clauses provide interesting additional information which is not essential to understanding the meaning of the sentence. The first case is more formal and there we cant omit the relative, we cant use that, and we use whom instead of. Relative clauses are always in the middle of a sentence. Nondefining relative clauses give us extra information about someone or something.
On the other hand, a clause which merely gives additional information about the antecedent is known as a non defining relative clause. You can see if a relative clause is defining or non defining by removing it from the sentence. A relative clause is an added part in a sentence that is used in relation to the main sentence. The pronoun can never be omitted in a nondefining relative clause. Relative clauses that give additional information are called defining. Heres a list of all the relative clause exercises on the site. Non restrictive relative clauses are also called non defining relative clauses. Defining relative clauses defining relative clauses carry essential information, because they identify which thing or person we are talking about, and they are used without commas this is the music which was used at the show. I broke the plate which that was a wedding present. Nondefining relative clauses can use most relative pronouns which, whose etc, but they cant use that and the relative pronoun can never be omitted.
Nonrestrictive relative clauses are also called nondefining relative clauses in both restrictive and nonrestrictive relative clauses, the relative pronoun can act as the subject or object. Understanding the difference between defining and nondefining relative clauses, or adjective clauses, is important. Exercise school of english defining and nondefining. That cannot be used and even though there is a pronoun in the relative clause which cannot be left out because in nondefining relative clauses the pronoun can never be left out. But apart from that the two types of clauses are a little different. Defining and nondefining relative clauses intermediate. We can use exactly the same relative pronouns in defining and nondefining relative clauses. Defining and nondefining relative clauses flashcards. Defining relative pronouns exercise people that who whom owners whose things that which places where when the relative pronoun is an object, it can be omitted except with whose and where. The relative pronoun is the subject of the relative clause. My brother, who lives in sidney, came to see me last month.
The antecedent is the noun that the relative pronoun refers to. Relative pronouns and clauses in english grammar exercises. Eathquakes, which are a great natural disaster, have killed many people. A relative pronoun can be used to introduce to two types of clauses called restrictive and nonrestrictive relative clauses restrictive defining relative clause. Try the given relative pronouns on the sentences below. This type of clause is separated from the main clause by commas. Defining relative clauses exercise 1 make one sentence from the two short ones. My sister, who lives in france, is coming to stay with me next week. In both restrictive and non restrictive relative clauses, the relative pronoun can act as the subject or object.
Nondefining relative clauses are composed of a relative pronoun, a verb, and optional other elements such as the subject or object of the verb. School of english defining and nondefining relative clauses exercise school of english oficines centrals. Relative clauses defining and nondefining that, which. The punctuation is different for defining and nondefining clauses. Jan 23, 2009 defining and nondefining relative clauses nondefining in this sentence. Before we can identify the differences between defining and nondefining clauses, its helpful to understand what a relative clause actually is. My brother who lives in cardiff is much older than me. Buckingham palace, the queen of england lives, is in the. Defining and nondefining relative clauses we use relative clauses to give additional information. Whats the difference between defining and nondefining relative.
The man next door, who works from home, kept an eye on the house for us. The real point of the sentence is that the house needs painting. Defining and nondefining relative clauses test english. Defining and nondefining relative clauses english practice. My brother who lives in sidney came to see me last month. It can be used in a defining relative clause to define the noun it supports. A restrictive relative clause also called a defining relative clause gives information about the noun which can be someone or something in the main clause. The pronoun cannot be left out because it is the subject of the relative clause.
Amelia, mother is from shanghai, speaks english and chinese fluently. Study the situations and then decide whether the following relative clauses are defining or non defining. A defining relative clauses give essential information to the person or thing we are talking about. A non defining relative clause adds extra information to the sentence. Non defining relative pronouns exercise three things about non defining relative clauses. Do you know how to give extra information about someone or something using relative clauses. Nondefining relative clauses are not used in spoken english. We can use exactly the same relative pronouns in defining and non defining relative clauses. Relative clause exercise 1 2 advanced relative clause exercise 3 4 intermediate pdf exercises. Defining relative clauses add essential information to the sentence. A nondefining relative clause adds extra information to the sentence. Charles dickens is a writer whom the whole world admires. Without this information, it would be difficult to know who or what is meant.
Choose the correct options to complete the sentences. Defining clauses restrictive clauses a defining relative clause tells which noun we are talking about. Relative clauses quiz 1 relative clauses quiz 2 relative pronouns quiz 1 relative pronouns quiz 2 related exercises. You also cannot leave out the relative pronoun in non defining relative clauses, in the way you sometimes can in defining relative clauses. Defining relative clauses 1 in pdf here defining relative clauses 2 in pdf here defining relative clauses 3 in pdf here defining relative clauses 4 in pdf here go to the main relative clauses explanation page here. The punctuation is different for defining and non defining clauses. If you remove a defining relative clause, the sentence has a different meaning or is incomplete. Non defining relative clauses defining relative clauses these describe the preceding noun in such a way to distinguish it from other nouns of the same class. Non defining relative clauses non defining clauses add extra information.
Relative clauses pdf quiz relative clauses worksheet relative clauses pdf exercises defining and nodefining relative. Defining and nondefining relative clauses who, whom, whose, which, that. John, who is a doctor in london, has helped many people in africa. Free definingnon defining relative clauses worksheets you have reached the section devoted to defining and nondefining relative clauses which are some intimidating phrases so you might want to leave them out of your introduction and focus on the important stuff such as how to form and use them. A clause which clearly defines the antecedent is known as a defining relative clause. This smartphone, i bought last week, takes great photos. A defining relative clause usually comes immediately after the noun it describes. Otherwise, we may not be able to figure out which person or thing the speaker is talking about. Relative clauses add extra information to a sentence by.
Nondefining relative clauses non defining clauses add extra information. Relative clauses nondefining relative clauses learnenglish. Non defining relative clauses can use most relative pronouns which, whose etc, but they cant use that and the relative pronoun can never be omitted. Defining and nondefining clauses are both types of relative clauses clauses that share some extra information about something. The other type of relative clause adds extra information to the whole of the main clause. Mr brown, whom we studied english with, is a very nice. Do you know how to define who or what you are talking about using relative clauses. The pronoun is required, even when it is the object of the verb in the relative clause. Defining and nondefining relative clauses nondefining in this sentence. They are not essential in the sentence and can be omitted without causing confusion. The first page is basically just a grammar guide with clear explanations and example tenses and the second page has 3 exercises to go with it. Thank you for your letter, which i was very happy to get. Nondefining relative clauses definition of nondefining.
Defining relative clauses we use defining relative clauses to specify which person, thing or place we are talking about. If the nondefining relative clause were removed from the sentence, the sentence would still be grammatically correct and the meaning would not have changed, although we would have less detail. Have they found the prisoner who escaped last week. Defining and nondefining relative clauses flashcards quizlet. Before we can identify the differences between defining and nondefining clauses, its helpful to.
1133 25 1284 1031 1311 1476 268 1093 94 590 457 649 1477 28 551 879 192 1164 945 219 424 42 1389 922 277 477 346 282 1262 372 1055 1058 253 288 1268 1491 66 543 1473 1312